INFORMATION BULLETIN No. 86

January 2000

On behalf of the IAU Officers and Secretariat, I wish all members and other colleagues a happy and prosperous Year 2000. I am instructed by our experts in Division I to remind everybody that this is the last year of the old millennium, not the first year in the new one! Still, I suspect you have noticed that the first digit in the year on the cover of this Information Bulletin is different from what it has been the past 1000 years...

This year's big event is our 24th General Assembly in Manchester, UK, August 7-18. The special IB85 was mailed in October with comprehensive information on the main scientific events of GA24 as well as much practical information concerning your participation. IB85 is available on-line at our web site, and additional paper copies can be obtained from our Secretariat, where Monique Léger-Orine put a huge amount of time and care into its preparation. I am sure you all share my appreciation of her contribution. Jodi Greenberg shouldered the main burden in preparing the present IB.

Please note that the additions and corrections to IB 85 are provided in this IB as well as another complete set of Registration and other forms. The full information will be maintained and updated at the IAU and GA web sites and will be printed again in the Final Programme at the GA itself. Here, I just recall that the deadline for submission of Abstracts to Symposia and Joint Discussions, and of all Travel Grant applications, is February 15, 2000. Also, the deadline for submitting Resolutions (of Type B) to be placed on the agenda of the GA is May 7, 2000. The Working Rules (in IB81 and on the web) contain full instructions for the preparation of resolutions.

In addition to a lot of exciting science, the GA will feature much scientific and administrative business related to the future development of our Union. I am pleased to note that, in addition to Morocco, Jordan and the Philippines have now applied for (associate) membership. I look forward to welcoming them, and many new Individual Members, at the Manchester GA.

However, our scientific life continues both before the GA and after the year 2000. This IB brings you up to date on a number of issues. I especially remind everybody that the deadline for proposals for IAU sponsored meetings in 2001 is March 15, 2000; I trust that the new Executive Committee in office after the GA will have an equally exciting slate of proposals as we have been privileged to receive during the past three years. As we prepare to submit the "Reports on Astronomy 1996-1999" to the printers, I am struck again by the vitality shown in all fields of our ancient science.

The summer of 1999 was busy, starting in June with the 72nd meeting of the Executive Committee. The main scientific events of the 24th General Assembly were selected and a number of other significant decisions taken (see 4.1).

In early June, the IAU co-sponsored the "IMPACT" workshop in Torino, Italy, on strategies for future research on Near Earth Objects (NEOs). As one result, the IAU Working Group on NEOs will in the future offer public peer review of all discoveries claimed to present a significant risk. Another result, the Torino Impact Hazard Scale characterising such risks, has generated some confusion. The scale is intended to convey to the public both the range of consequences of a potential impact and the dull, but comforting fact that no significant risk is posed by any known NEO. The old name "Potentially Hazardous" Asteroid for objects now known to be "Perfectly Harmless" is clearly misleading to the public. At the same time, a scale that assigns all known objects to "Class 0" is obviously of limited use in describing the great wealth of detailed scientific information on NEOs. No doubt, as orbital and physical information on NEOs improves, scientific classification schemes will evolve too.

Following this meeting were the UNESCO/ICSU World Conference on Science and the associated conference on Capacity Building in Science in Budapest, Hungary in late June and UNISPACE III and its two related IAU meetings in Vienna in July (see 7). From the IAU side, the focus was on UNISPACE III and IAU Symposium 196 (see 7.3) and related media coverage. Since then, we have undertaken a number of follow-up activities on the environmental problems for astronomy, e.g. a "Policy Forum" in "Science" in late 1999.

Education was also in focus. Our Special Educational Workshop at UNISPACE III resulted in useful lessons for our long-term planning (see 7.3). Just after, the 24th of IAU International Schools for Young Astronomers, of which we are justly proud, was held in Bucharest, Romania (see 8.2).

The autumn has seen the arrival of the contributions to the Reports on Astronomy 1996-1999 (IAU Transactions XXIVA). Thanks to the many individual contributors, and to Jodi Greenberg in our Paris Secretariat, that volume is in press as you read this and should be out well before the GA.

Unfortunately, as the Holiday season and New Year 2000 approach, the enterprises "selling" star names are ramping up their advertising again. We receive many requests to "stop this scam". However, apart from informing the public (see www.iau.org/starnames.html at our web site), we can only intervene (and do!) if our name or logo are abused to mislead potential customers. Otherwise, we must advise furious customers to pursue the matter through their appropriate national consumer protection authorities.

3.1 The XXIVth General Assembly

Information Bulletin 85 contains the full scientific programme along with practical information concerning registration, accommodation, etc. in Manchester. In this issue, a reminder of the scientific programme is given in 3.1.2 along with the schedule of the main scientific events (see 3.1.3), whereas a summary of practical information is given in 3.1.5 and corrections or additions to information in IB 85 are given in 3.1.6.

Information on local arrangements for the General Assembly can be found at the special website http://www.iau-ga2000.org, which will be kept constantly updated. This site and the permanent IAU Web site www.iau.org are linked together with other web sites giving the updated scientific programmes of the individual events listed in this IB. Mirror web sites are being set up in the USA and Japan to facilitate access from those regions of the world.

3.1.1 Message from the Local Organizing Committee

Preparations for the General Assembly and all its associated activities are proceeding apace.

A series of public lectures is being organized by Dr. Patrick Moore on four evenings during the GA. There is a wide interest in astronomy among schools, amateur astronomical societies and the general public in the Northwest of England. Much of this interest in recent years has been generated by the Jodrell Bank Visitor Centre with its 140,000 visitors per year. Many participants will be interested in the important activity of the public understanding of science where astronomy plays an important role. The speakers and their provisional lecture titles are:

An evening reception for participants is planned in the first week of the General Assembly.

3.1.2 Overview of Scientific Programme

An updated overview of the Scientific Programme of IAU 24th GA can be found at http://www.iau.org/ga24.html.

3.1.3 Schedule of Main Events

An updated Schedule of IAU 24th GA can be found at http://www.iau.org/ib85/schedule.html.

3.1.4 Important Dates and Addresses for GA XXIV

For inquiries concerning administrative matters and the general programme of scientific and other meetings held at the XXIVth General Assembly, please contact:

3.1.5 What to do to Attend The XXIVth IAU General Assembly: A Quick Guide

Invitation

In principle, attendance at an IAU General Assembly is by invitation of the President. Members of the IAU are automatically invited (see IB 85, p. 1). Authorization to extend this invitation to non-Members is given to the national Adhering Organizations, Presidents of IAU Divisions and Commissions, and Chairpersons of the Scientific Organizing Committees of the Symposia, Joint Discussions, and Special Session at the GA. Persons unable to use these channels should contact the IAU Secretariat in Paris (address on back cover). It should be noted that an invitation to attend the General Assembly does not by itself imply any financial commitment towards the participant by the IAU or the Local Organizing Committee.

Visas

If you need a visa to travel to the United Kingdom to attend the GA (see list of relevant countries in IB 85, p. 5), please apply as early as possible in order to avoid last-minute problems.

Registration

Registration is handled by the appointed Conference Organizer, World Event Management Ltd. (WEM). Registration can be made using the forms provided in this IB, by e-mail, and through the GA Web page, www.iau-ga2000.org. See 3.1.4 for deadlines and relevant addresses. Note that decisions on approval of oral and poster contributions and on IAU Travel Grants will be provided in time for Early Registration to be made.

Proceedings of Main Scientific Events

The Proceedings of the GA Symposia will be published in the regular IAU Symposium Series and the Proceedings of the Special Session on "Astronomy for Developing Countries" will be published in a similar format. Extended summaries of the Invited Discourses and Joint Discussions will be published in the Highlights of Astronomy, Vol. 12. The IAU Publisher, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, offers participants the option to pre-order one or more of these volumes at the lowest available rate, with the extra bonus that surface mailing of the book(s) be included in the price. See the Registration & Proceeding Pre Order Form for details.

Travel Grants

The IAU devotes a sizeable share of its own budget, with generous extra subventions by major astronomical organizations, to support a limited number of prospective participants intending to contribute actively to the scientific events of the General Assembly, who are unable to obtain the necessary support from national sources. An IAU Travel Grant Application Form is included in this IB and is also available on the Web together with the Rules for IAU Scientific Meetings, with guidelines for the allocation of such grants. If you wish to apply for IAU support, the form should be submitted to the SOC Chair of the appropriate Symposium (or Special Session) that you wish to attend. For all other events, your application should be submitted to the IAU General Secretary. The deadline for all IAU Travel Grant applications is February 15, 2000.

Prospective applicants should be aware that, despite our commitment of both our own and externally contributed funds, it is only possible to cover a small part of the total justified needs. Only truly deserving applicants can therefore expect support from the IAU. Grant recommendations from all events are checked and coordinated before award letters are sent out so that, at most, a single grant will be awarded to each individual. Grants will normally be paid to the successful applicant, in cash and in British Pounds, upon arrival and check-in at the Registration Desk.

3.1.6 Further Updated Information

Corrections to IB 85

It appears that, unfortunately, several copies of IB85 are incomplete, missing some multiple of two pages near the beginning and end of the issue. The ASP and we apologise for these errors; any readers who have received such incomplete issues are invited to contact sandrine@aspsky.org in order to receive the missing pages. The issue can be viewed in its entirety at our web site at www.iau.org/ib85.

In addition, the caption (back cover) for the cover picture of IB85 was incorrect (your GS apologises!). It should have read as follows: The 76-m Lovell Telescope at Jodrell Bank with a 20-cm image of the radio galaxy 3C 438 made with MERLIN and the VLA.

Institution

Following the relocation of the Department of Astronomy at the University of Manchester to Jodrell Bank, the former Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratory has been renamed the Jodrell Bank Observatory.

Invited Discourses

ID1 will be held on Thursday, August 10. Also, the time of all IDs has been adjusted to 18:30 to allow all participants to reach the Bridgewater Hall in time.

Joint Discusssions

JD1 will be held on the morning of Wednesday, August 9 and all day Friday, August 11.

Special Session: Astronomy for Developing Countries

Please note that this SPS will be organised along the lines of the Symposia. Thus, applications for IAU Travel Grants should be submitted (updated Travel Grant enclosed in the centre fold) to the SOC Chair, Dr. Alan Batten (see IB 85, p. 38). Moreover, full Proceedings of the SPS will be published and can be pre-ordered at a favorable rate on the same basis as the Symposia (updated Registration and Proceedings Pre-Order Form provided).

Abstract Book

Please note that, in order to produce the Abstract Book in a handy format, only one Author will be listed in the book, so only one name should be submitted with the abstract (of course with et al. added as appropriate). See IB 85 Information on Scientific Presentations for editing instructions. The deadline for the LOC to receive Abstracts from the SOC Chairmen for printing in the Abstract Book is June 15, 2000. The person named on the Abstract should therefore submit the Abstract and be registered by May 31, 2000 for the abstract to be accepted and poster space to be allocated.

Final Programme

The deadline for receiving the final programmes of all scientific sessions and all other information to be printed in the Final Programme is June 15, 2000.

Travel Grants

Should additional sources of funding become available later, and at short notice, such opportunities and the corresponding application procedures will be announced at the IAU and GA web sites.

Welcome Desks at Arrival

Welcome Desks will be provided at Manchester Airport and at Piccadilly Railway Station in Manchester to direct arriving participants to local transport and to help with any questions which they might have.

 
 

3.2 The XXVth AND XXVIth GENERAL ASSEMBLIES

As previously announced, the XXVth General Assembly will take place in Sydney, Australia, July 13-26, 2003. Our hosts are already well advanced with the preparations, and we expect more information to be available at the XXIVth GA in Manchester.

In order to provide equal opportunities for all countries interested in inviting the IAU for the XXVIth General Assembly in 2006, all Adhering Organisations have been asked to inform us of any such plans by the end of 1999. Preliminary indications are that we shall receive several very interesting invitations - look forward!

 

4.1 Summary of EC 72 Meeting

The EC met for its 72nd meeting in Santiago, Chile, at the invitation of IAU Vice-President Claudio Anguita. The meeting took place at the Headquarters of the European Southern Observatory.

A major task of the EC was the selection of Invited Discourses, Symposia, Joint Discussions, and Special Session at the 24th General Assembly as well as other IAU sponsored meetings in 2000. The resulting programme is listed in detail elsewhere in this IB and in IB85.

The EC also decided to invite letters of interest from all Adhering Bodies wishing to host the GA in 2006 by the end of the present year.

On national membership, the EC was pleased to welcome Uzbekistan, which became a member of the IAU at the beginning of 1999. The EC also welcomed the applications for Associate Membership by Morocco and Jordan (and by the Philippines, formally received just after the meeting) and will recommend their approval by the GA. The EC finally was very pleased to approve the proposal from the US National Academy of Science to raise the Category of Adherence of the USA from VIII1/2 to IX, increasing our income by another 5 Units of Contribution for the years 2000 and 2001.

On other administrative matters, the EC approved the final versions of the revised Statutes and Bye-Laws which have been submitted to the Adhering Bodies this autumn in preparation for the vote at the next GA (see IB 81, p. 45). A final proposed modification to these documents and to the Working Rules (IB 84, p. 18) is to allow Chairpersons of Working Groups of the EC to propose new Individual Members of the IAU, in exceptional cases, on the same basis as Division Presidents.

The proposed Budget for 2001-2003, prepared in close co-operation with the Finance Sub-Committee appointed at the last GA, was also approved for submission to the Adhering Bodies. It is organised in a new, somewhat more transparent way and shows increases for the educational activities of the IAU in return for of a slight reduction in support for scientific meetings. The latter had been raised temporarily in recent years to reduce the reserves of the IAU to about one year's operating expenses, as recommended earlier by the Finance Committee. Overall, the Budget is balanced over the triennium. In addition, the backlog of unpaid dues is at the lowest level seen for several years.

The EC reviewed and approved the strategies proposed by the General Secretary for the IAU participation in the World Conference on Science and UNISPACE III (see 7). The EC also approved, in principle, the proposed reorganisation of the educational activities of the IAU (see 8.1), subject to the presentation of a detailed proposal at the next General Assembly.

 
 

4.2 Schedule of EC 73 & EC 74 Meetings

The 73rd meeting of the (present) EC is scheduled for August 7, 8, 9, and 15, at the GA in Manchester; the present Division Presidents are invited to these meetings. Matters on the Agenda will be focused on the business of the GA: New National and Individual Members, Resolutions, changes in Commission or Working Group structure and the proposals for incoming Presidents and Chairpersons of these bodies, Finances, etc.

The 74th meeting of the (newly elected) EC will take place on August 17 and 18. Main Agenda items will be the activities and initiatives in the next triennium, in particular the selection of IAU scientific meetings in 2001. The incoming Division Presidents are invited to this meeting.

 

Division I: Fundamental Astronomy (Ken Seidelmann)

As we approach the end of the triennium, the efforts of the many Working Groups are reaching a conclusion. This will be formalized by a process starting at Colloquium 180, "Towards Models and Constants for Sub-microarcsecond Astrometry", 27-31 March 2000 in Washington D.C. The Working Groups will present summaries of their activities and draft resolutions for discussion and improvement. These resolutions will be forwarded to the IAU Resolutions Committee for consideration at the IAU General Assembly. At the GA in August 2000, Joint Discussion 2 "Models and Constants for Sub-microarcsecond Astrometry" will be the opportunity for presentation, discussion, and adoption of these resolutions. Resolutions are expected concerning definitions of the reference system, relativity, precession and nutation, and time and constants.

With some admission of letting pride exceed modesty, I include the news that the Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer (FAME) has been selected by NASA for a MIDEX mission and launch in 2004. This astrometric satellite to observe 40,000,000 stars down to 15th magnitude for position and photometry will follow in the pattern of the Hipparcos satellite. FAME is to reach 50 microarcseconds accuracy for stars brighter than 9th magnitude. This is a joint program of U.S. Naval Observatory, Naval Research Laboratory, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
Division II: Sun and Heliosphere (Peter Foukal)

Division II activities in the next trimester will center on the continuing organization of our Symposium and JD at the GA in Manchester. Our web page will be updated with information on these two events as they evolve.

We also plan to convene a Nomenclature Committee to review solar terminology - a task of increasing importance and complexity as the angular resolution of solar imagery increases at all wavelengths, and potentially confusing terms to describe these structures proliferate. We hope to arrange for a preliminary report of this Committee at the Division meeting in Manchester.
Division XI: Space and High Energy Astrophysics (Willem Wamsteker)

The short report of Division XI on space activities of interest to the IAU membership continues. As before, any inaccuracies in the listing are the responsibility of the Division President. This report only contains changes since IB 84. The Divisional Web Page (http://www.vilspa.esa.es/IAU-XI/) will maintain a more complete listing in the future.

ASCA: This ISAS/NASA mission for X-ray spectroscopy is foreseen to reenter the Earth's Atmosphere in the first half of 2000. There is a special call for proposals for the last observations (http://www.astro.isas.ac.jp/xray/mission/asca/).

HST: The next servicing mission for the Hubble Space Telescope has been delayed to at least 19 November 1999, due to difficulties with the wiring system in the Space Shuttles (http://sci.esa.int/hubble/).

FUSE: Was successfully launched on 24 June 1999 from Cape Canaveral with a Delta 2 Rocket (http://fuse.pha.jhu.edu/).

XMM: The Ariane 5 launch remains scheduled for 8 December 1999 (http://sci.esa.int/xmm/).

ABRIXAS: After a successful launch of the DLR Broad-Band Imaging X-Ray All-Sky Survey on 28 April, 1999, a problem with the batteries caused the mission to fail in June 1999 (http://wave.xray.mpe.mpg.de/abrixas).

CHANDRA: NASA's Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (ex AXAF), was successfully launched on 23 July, 1999 (http://chandra.harvard.edu/).

ASTRO-E: This mission remains scheduled for Launch on 24 January, 2000 (http://astroe.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/astroe/astroegof.html).

HETE II: The High Energy Transient Explorer II mission is scheduled for launch on 27 October, 1999. This NASA/CNES/RIKEN/CESR mission replaces the original HETE mission, which suffered a launch failure in 1996 (http://space.mit.edu/HETE/).

SWAS: Functions nominally (http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/cfa/oir/Research/swas.html).

Mars Climate Orbiter: This NASA mission did not reach its required orbit and crashed on Mars (http://mpfwww.jpl.nasa.gov/msp98/).

Mars Polar Lander: This NASA mission is expected to land on Mars on 3 December 1999, carrying the DEEP SPACE 2 Mars Microprobes (http://mpfwww.jpl.nasa.gov/msp98/).

WIRE: After prime mission failure directly after launch, the spacecraft has been used for experimental stellar oscillations measurements.

STARDUST: Was launched on 7 February 1999. Its primary goal is to collect comet dust and volatile samples during a close encounter with comet Wild 2 in January 2004 (http://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/).

 

6.1 Proposals for IAU Sponsored Meetings in 2001

Proposals for Symposia and Colloquia to be held in 2001 must be submitted to the President of an appropriate Proposing Division (or Commission, for proposals arising within a Commission not attached to a Division)

To facilitate proper evaluation of proposals by the President of the Proposing Division, copies of the proposal should be sent to the Presidents of all supporting Divisions and/or Commissions before submission to the President of the Proposing Division, who will ascertain the degree of support for each proposal before forwarding all proposals to the Assistant General Secretary. Brief messages of support from supporting Divisions and/or Commissions should accompany the proposal.

The Rules for IAU Sponsored Scientific Meetings should be consulted before submitting proposals. These Rules and associated Proposal Forms are available on request from the IAU Secretariat or on-line at www.iau.org/meetings.html. Additional advice can be obtained from the Assistant General Secretary.

 
 

6.2 Future IAU Symposia

IAU SYMPOSIUM 200 THE FORMATION OF BINARY STARS

IAU SYMPOSIUM 201 NEW COSMOLOGICAL DATA AND THE VALUES OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS

 IAU SYMPOSIUM 202 PLANETARY SYSTEMS IN THE UNIVERSE - OBSERVATION, FORMATION AND EVOLUTION

 IAU SYMPOSIUM 203 RECENT INSIGHTS INTO THE PHYSICS OF THE SUN AND HELIOSPHERE - HIGHLIGHTS FROM SOHO AND OTHER SPACE MISSIONS

 IAU SYMPOSIUM 204 THE EXTRAGALACTIC INFRARED BACKGROUND AND ITS COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS

 IAU SYMPOSIUM 205 GALAXIES AND THEIR CONSTITUENTS AT THE HIGHEST ANGULAR RESOLUTIONS

6.3 Future IAU Colloquia

IAU COLLOQUIUM 180 TOWARDS MODELS AND CONSTANTS FOR SUB- MICROARCSECOND ASTROMETRY

 IAU COLLOQUIUM 181 DUST IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND OTHER PLANETARY SYSTEMS

 IAU COLLOQUIUM 182 SOURCES AND SCINTILLATIONS: REFRACTION AND SCATTERING IN RADIO ASTRONOMY

 IAU COLLOQUIUM 183 SMALL-TELESCOPE ASTRONOMY ON GLOBAL SCALES

6.4 Other Meetings

Technical Workshop ASTRONOMICAL SITE EVALUATION IN THE VISIBLE AND RADIO RANGE

 Co-Sponsored Meeting

 33RD COSPAR SCIENTIFIC ASSEMBLY AND ASSOCIATED EVENTS

7.1 World Conference on Science

The UNESCO/ICSU World Conference on Science was held from June 26 to July 1, 1999, in Budapest, Hungary. Attracting a vast audience of science ministers, science administrators, scientists, and journalists, the WCS was convened jointly by UNESCO and ICSU to review the status of world science at the end of the second millennium, and to formulate recommendations for the future. The recommendations as agreed by the participants in the meeting were expressed in the "Budapest Declaration on Science and the Use of Scientific Knowledge" and "Science Agenda - Framework for Action", approved by all participants at the end of the conference. These documents, which contain very wide-ranging and broadly formulated, but positive and useful statements for the future of science and its relations with society, are accessible on the web at:
(http://www.unesco.org/science/wcs/eng/declaration_e.htm) and

It is noted that, subsequently, the 26th General Assembly of ICSU (Sept. 28-29, 1999, Cairo, Egypt) voiced concerns regarding the formulation of paragraph 26 of the "Declaration" and stressed that "empirical knowledge must be distinguished from approaches that seek to promote anti-science and pseudo-science, and which degrade the values of science as understood by the ICSU community." ICSU, at the same time, reaffirmed its support for "the values and methods of verifiable science".

 
 

7.2 UNISPACE III

The Third United Nations Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNISPACE III) was held July 19 - 30, 1999, 17 years after its predecessor UNISPACE 82. The conference was convened at the Vienna International Centre, Austria, as a special meeting of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UN-COPUOS), open to all Member States of the UN. Its purpose was to review the status of international activities in space, and to formulate priorities and recommendations for the development of these activities during the first decades of the new millennium. Organised by the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs, the conference was attended by over 100 UN Member States and numerous international organizations, including the IAU which has permanent observer status with UN-COPUOS. Total attendance was well over 2000 persons.

In conjunction with UNISPACE III the IAU, in collaboration with COSPAR and the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs, organised two meetings on subjects which are given high priority by the IAU: IAU Symposium 196: "Preserving the Astronomical Sky", and a Special Workshop on Education in Astronomy and Basic Space Science (see reports below on both meetings). As part of the "Technical Forum" of UNISPACE III, both meetings formulated "Observations and Recommendations" to the main Conference within their respective subjects. These recommendations were forwarded to the Conference and to a very large extent included in the Final Report of UNISPACE III and associated recommendations to the UN General Assembly. With the expected endorsement of the Report by the UN General Assembly in late 1999, they will thus become part of the recommendations of the United Nations for the next 2-3 decades.

The full Final Report of UNISPACE III, including the summary "Vienna Declaration on Space and Human Development" as well as the documents Background and Recommendations of the Conference, including the recommendations of all meetings held as part of the "Technical Forum", are now available from the web site of the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs at http://www.un.or.at/OOSA/.

 
 

7.3 IAU Symposium 196 "Preserving the Astronomical Sky"

A Special IAU/COSPAR/UN Environmental Symposium held in conjunction with UNISPACE III, 12-16 July 1999 in Vienna, Austria

Chief organizers: J. Andersen (Denmark, IAU), J. Cohen (UK), D. Crawford (USA), H. Haubold (UN), and W. Sullivan (USA, author of this report)

Organized by IAU Commission 50 (Protection of Existing and Potential Observatory Sites), the meeting dealt with the problems of light pollution, radio interference, and space debris that hinder astronomers' ability to study the Universe at the exquisitely sensitive levels necessary for current research. Astronomers worldwide are alarmed by the increasing "technological fog" that threatens the ability of both professional astronomers and the general public to study and appreciate the wonders of the sky. The meeting had two primary purposes: (1) sharing information on the status of the environment as it adversely affects observations, and (2) developing technical and political action plans to preserve the astronomical sky. The meeting was held at the United Nations Centre in Vienna, as part of the "Technical Forum" of UNISPACE III, a major conference on the future of global space activities of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UN-COPUOS). Other international sponsors were COSPAR, the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs, CIE, URSI, and the International Dark-Sky Association.

The meeting had 70 participants from 25 nations; three Press Officers helped to get the word out. After three days of talks and a delightful banquet at the old Vienna Observatory, the fourth day was devoted to break-out sessions for brainstorming effective strategies for dealing with the issues. On the final day, these were debated and polished further, before being approved by the entire Symposium. Primarily, a statement was prepared which was presented to the national delegations to UNISPACE III, with the intention to provide a basis for future UN discussions and international action.

The statement noted that the UN Space Treaties have defined space as "the province of all mankind", to be protected from harmful contamination and adverse changes of all kinds, and to be utilised for the benefit of all. It further noted that space is already showing inexorable symptoms of over-exploitation that today affect primarily astronomy, but tomorrow will increasingly affect other users of space and even people on Earth. We recommended that UN Member States cooperate to (1) ensure that frequency bands allocated to radio astronomy be indeed kept free from unwanted emissions, especially those originating from telecommunication satellites, (2) explore the concept of international radio quiet zones, regions for radio observatories protected by treaty from radio interference originating either on the ground or in space, (3) develop the concept of international "environmental impact assessments" that would be required for all proposed space projects that might interfere with scientific research or natural, cultural, and ethical values of any nation, and (4) control light pollution for the benefit of energy conservation, the natural environment, and nighttime safety.

On the technical front, the most interesting new results for light pollution were based on quantitative calibrations newly available from the US Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). Qualitative images of the nighttime earth showing the glow from urban areas have been available for twenty years, but now one can do proper quantitative measurements. Based on these images, S. Isobe (Japan) presented estimates of the money wasted annually by major cities from street lighting scattered upwards: e.g., US$3M for London and US$14M for New York City. P. Cinzano (Italy) presented a marvellous new nighttime image of Europe based on DMSP data combined with a light-scattering model to show estimated sky brightness (limiting magnitude) at any given location. Back on Earth, M. Smith, Director of Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, Chile, emphasized the challenges and successes that the Observatory has had in dealing with local authorities to preserve their telescopes' capabilities.

Radio astronomers are preparing for the next major meeting of the International Telecommunications Union to allocate radio frequences, in May 2000. The millimeter-wavelength bands, in the past largely unallocated and little used by industry, will be a major focus for radio astronomers, especially because of all the molecular spectral lines in that region, which are vital to our understanding of the chemistry and physics of the interstellar medium. H. Butcher (The Netherlands) told of the strong recommendation of the Working Group of the Global Science Forum of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to seek protection for the new major radio observatories in the mm and cm bands, now in the various stages of technical development and implementation. As a result, in June 1999 the science ministers of the OECD had established a high-level task force to develop long-term solutions (such as radio quiet zones) that may safeguard humankind's radio windows on the Universe as well as allow efficient development of commercial telecommunications. R. Ekers (Australia) and R. Fisher (USA) emphasized that radio astronomers need to become better in rejecting radio interference, using techniques that are quite feasible and known in military circles but not yet developed at observatories. Furthermore, radio (and optical) observatories have been remiss in quantitatively documenting the interference they encounter over time.

W. Flury (Germany) reported on the space debris problem. Already, some 100,000 objects larger than 1 cm now circle the Earth and menace operations of all spacecraft, including scientific missions. While this is a serious problem, our meeting did not focus specially on it because it featured prominently elsewhere on the UNISPACE agenda, and the major space agencies are themselves giving the problem high priority.

In summary, we achieved our goal not only to exchange information among ourselves and develop new strategies, but also to bring the issues of radio interference and light pollution to an entirely new forum, the UN. The 'Vienna Declaration' and Final Report of Unispace III (see above) show that our recommendations were heard and, to a gratifying extent, accepted by the ~100 UN Member States attending UNISPACE III. This forms an excellent basis for the further work, through UN-COPUOS, to improve international protection of the astronomical sky as the cultural heritage of all humankind, and to protect everyone's access to pristine and uncluttered skies. The proceedings of the Symposium will be published in 2000 in the IAU Symposium Series (eds. R. J. Cohen and W. T. Sullivan, III).

 
 

7.4 Special Educational Workshop

The IAU-COSPAR-UN Special Workshop on Education in Astronomy and Basic Space Science was held in conjunction with UNISPACE III, July 20, 21, and 23, 1999 at the Vienna International Centre, Austria.
SOC Chair and author of this report: D.G. Wentzel, USA.

This 2.5-day workshop, organized by the IAU and COSPAR in collaboration with the UN Office of Outer Space Affairs, was designed to show how basic space science and basic space science education should become an integral part of how countries build up the scientific capacity to conduct projects in space, and to outline the guidelines that might be developed by the IAU and COSPAR in order to help these activities.

Reviews of actual situations presented how basic science fares in countries with no scientific tradition (Mazlan Othman, Malaysia). They argued for the need to recognize the limited science capabilities in any one such country and to adjust international cooperation to take account of that limitation. Moreover, space activities should be viewed not only as solution for environmental problems, but also as a way to enhance the general scientific understanding and an opportunity to identify and train the most talented people needed to solve a country's problems (Bambang Hidayat, Indonesia). Other papers demonstrated the progress possible when a country had a national leader supporting science (Marcos Machado, Argentina), and identified some of the strategies that countries have used to initiate and develop the basic physical sciences (Don Wentzel, USA).

The summary of existing activities included those of the IAU (mostly but not solely Commission 46 - Teaching of Astronomy), of COSPAR, and of various regional astronomy and space physics associations (e.g. the Working Group on Space Sciences in Africa). Given the context of the meeting, special emphasis was given to the recently initiated Regional Educational Centers for Space Science and Technology, affiliated to the UN, and the Workshop was privileged to provide the first opportunity for the Directors of the four Centers (India, Brazil, Morocco, and Nigeria) to meet together. Productive discussions were held not only among the Directors of these centers, but also with the representatives of the IAU, COSPAR and the UN and led to the decision to form an informal Contact Group for future coordination and possible joint initiatives between all parties.

A day was spent on the main ideas that should be contained in, e.g. future workshops aimed at creating guidelines and producing materials for countries wishing to improve their basic science via astronomy and space science. Julieta Fierro (Mexico) outlined the goals and opportunities to reach the public, Michéle Gerbaldi (France) discussed astronomy in the French schools with emphasis on teacher training, and Isabel Hawkins (USA) and John Percy (Canada) outlined the benefits, challenges, and limitations in bringing actual space science data to the high schools.

Most papers will be printed in the journal : "Teaching of Astronomy in the Asian-Pacific Region", Editor S. Isobe (e-mail: isobesz@cc.nao.ac.jp).

The workshop closed with a set of concise recommendations which were forwarded to the UNISPACE III meeting:

1. Countries should support education in astronomy and basic space science as a key element in a strategy to promote science education in general;
2. Constructive collaboration between the UN Regional Educational Centres in Space Science and Technology and the IAU and COSPAR should be encouraged and supported;
3. People trained in basic space science need jobs in order to usefully serve their home countries (!); and
4. The IAU and COSPAR should start collecting, in a systematic way, their experience both with long-term strategic planning in a number of different environments, and with various types of educational material that exist to teach astronomy at various levels.

The IAU plans to continue to develop the themes outlined above under the aegis of Commission 46 - Teaching of Astronomy, with increased funding in the future, and in collaboration with COSPAR and the United Nations.

 

8.1 Proposed Changes in Organisational and Budget Structure

The IAU conducts educational activities within a wide and broadening field, both as regards to age and level of the students, geographical diversity of the activities, and in the range of partners. Prominent and highly respected examples are the long-standing ISYA and TAD programmes of Commission 46 (Teaching of Astronomy) and the exchange programme of Commission 38 (Exchange of Astronomers), which between them cover the range from high schools to postdocs - see the reports and descriptions below. The Working Group on the World-Wide Development of Astronomy (WGWWDA) of the Executive Committee has fulfilled an important function through its exploratory missions to countries which may later become candidates for one or more of the regular programmes. At the same time, there are increasing contacts and informal collaborations with such new partners as COSPAR, the ICSU Programme on Capacity Building in Science, and the Regional Educational Centres for Space Science and Technology affiliated to the United Nations (see the report above on the Special Educational Workshop last summer).

These developments are a sign of health, and a testimony to the devotion and success of our members who have given freely of their time and experience to make them possible. They must be encouraged and supported. At the same time it becomes important, on the one hand, to maintain coherent overall planning and coordination of the activities, which are all of a long-term nature, and on the other hand to preserve organisational and financial flexibility to be able to respond to changing opportunities and challenges. These goals are not facilitated at present, where projects are formally the responsibility of two Commissions and a Working Group, plus a number of new initiatives with no formal 'home' or budget allocation. The General Secretary has therefore proposed to organise all educational activities in the future - 'from cradle to grave' - under Commission 46, which would also be responsible for the allocation (and re-allocation) of all IAU funds budgeted for these purposes.

Preliminary reactions have been positive so far, and the new structure is implemented in the proposed budget for 2001-2003. In non-GA years (2001-2), it reserves a total of 100,000 Swiss Francs annually for all educational activities, including a decreasing, but still much-appreciated share from ICSU and UNESCO. Clearly, Commission 46 will need an appropriate internal structure to maintain proper planning and co-ordination of ongoing and new activities, so as to pursue past successes as well as to systematise our experience and to broaden our scope and our circle of collaborators. A proposal along these lines is in preparation. If approved by the appropriate bodies, it will be implemented at the upcoming General Assembly.

Volunteers sought : As our contacts expand with groups eager to profit from the experience represented by the IAU, we need to expand the group of members involved in these activities. Many fledgling astronomy groups in universities in developing countries need a hands-on person to visit for two weeks to a month. A typical need is help to get a telescope and CCD camera up and running, install an image processing system and/or give instructions on its use, and a person with a fresh outlook to interact with students and advise them on suitable programmes to undertake for combined educational and research purposes. However, needs differ from group to group, some of which may have a greater need for a theoretical course in some subject. Typically, travel costs would be paid by the IAU and local expenses by the hosts. As everyone who has experienced such visits will testify that they are extremely stimulating and rewarding for visitor and locals alike. Interested persons are invited to contact the Secretariat to learn more about such opportunities.

 
 

8.2 International Schools for Young Astronomers (Commission 46)

The 24th IAU/UNESCO International School for Young Astronomers (ISYA) was held in Bucharest, Romania, July 26 - August 14, 1999.

At the invitation of Dr. Magda Stavinschi, Director of the Astronomical Institute of the Romanian Academy, the 24th ISYA met in Bucharest on the campus of the Faculty of Physics, at Magurele.

The Local Organizing Committee was chaired by Prof. Mircea V. Rusu (Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest). Much help was provided by a group of Professors from the Faculty of Physics during the ISYA. The travel grants provided by the IAU and UNESCO allowed the invitation of 18 foreign participants from: Algeria (2), Egypt (3), Morocco (2), Nigeria (1), Russia (3), Turkey (2), Uzbekistan (3), and Vietnam (2); 23 Romanian students attended this ISYA. Half of the participants were women, the selection being done on criteria independent of gender. Housing was provided on the Magurele Campus for the participants and the foreign faculty as well as at a downtown hotel run by the University.

Faculty members were Attilio Ferrari (Italy, active galaxies; extragalactic jets), Michéle Gerbaldi (France, stellar atmospheres; spectroscopic data reduction), Ed Guinan (USA, binary stars and their many astrophysical applications; use of small telescope), Don Wentzel (USA, MHD and related solar physics) and Jean-Paul Zahn (France, internal structure of the Sun; helioseismology). From the University of Bucharest were Tatiana Angelescu (Physics of elementary particles), Andrei Inonescu (Planetary atmospheres), Mircea Rusu (Fractals), Magda Stavinschi (Time and eclipses).

Nearly all the lectures started at a basic level, but led to a current research topic and demonstrated the frontier flavor of this science in relation with the projects, such as the large ground-based telescopes under construction or space experiments. Some of the lectures given by the Romanian faculty offered another point of view, on the links between astrophysics and the physics of elementary particles including the neutrino problem. In several lectures, the emphasis was put on the value of the data bases already existing and associated to either space experiments or new ground based telescopes. Practical exercises of "mining the data base" were done. Computers were available with dedicated software, including MIDAS which had been implemented specifically for this School. Thus we were able, from the first day, to do practical work in computer-based data analysis, which gave a quick start for the discussions between participants and faculty. Data on stellar photometry and spectroscopy, and images of the Sun were brought by foreign faculty members.

A small telescope was lent by the Astronomical Institute for the duration of the ISYA, and Ed Guinan adapted to it a photometer he had brought for that purpose. Unfortunately, cloudy conditions prevented us from observing any variable stars, but we were fortunate to see the total Solar eclipse on August 11th very well.

Half of the participants gave short talks on their current research work. Some of them discussed their on-going Ph.D. projects at length with the faculty members, stressing the need for contacts for participants from relatively isolated institutions.

The 25th IAU-UNESCO International School for Young Astronomers will be held at the Chiang Mai University (Thailand): January 3 - 22, 2001. The language of the school will be English. Accommodation will be supported by the Thai hosts. Some travel grants will be made available. Those interested are encouraged to apply (see below).

Among the topics to be covered are astronomical measurements, with the emphasis on stellar astrophysics.

Application forms are available at http://www.iap.fr/SitesHeberges/isya/index.html or from the persons listed below. Applications should list the achieved level of studies in physics and astronomy, and any topic of special interest. A letter of recommendation in English is required, evaluating academic standing and proficiency in English.

Applications and letters of recommendation should be sent, by air mail, fax or e-mail, by August 20, 2000, to both addresses below:

8.3 Teaching for Astronomy Development (TAD, Commission 46)

Report on the TAD programme in 1999: Donat G. Wentzel, Professor Emeritus, University of Maryland

Vietnam: Because the most recent university level astronomy textbook was out of date by over 30 years, a new textbook "Astrophysics" has been written, in English and Vietnamese. The IAU/TAD contribution to the publication cost provides leverage so that the press will incorporate colour photographs and use a paper quality appropriate to those photographs (both are innovations for Vietnamese textbooks). The university teachers have been brought up-to-date in two previous TAD-sponsored workshops, and two of the teachers attended the 1999 ISYA. In November 1999, a one-week workshop under the direction of N.Q. Rieu (Observatoire de Paris) and J.C. White II (Astronomical Society of the Pacific) involved the teachers in using the new text so that they can put it to actual use, starting with the following term. Meanwhile, a third Vietnamese student is now studying astronomy in Paris.

Central America: The fifth Central American Course on Astronomy and Astrophysics (CURCAA) was held in Nicaragua, 21-25, June 1999. With the encouragement of TAD and its representative Armando Arellano Ferro (Mexico), the meeting was organised for the first time by an international Scientific Organising Committee. Much of the meeting was aimed at the local audience, about 120 physics students and high-school teachers, with four short introductory courses including the (beginning of a) course available to any (trained) teacher who has access to the internet. The Astronomical Society of Nicaragua was re-founded. There were very diverse short talks, most on successful teaching experiences and on popular astronomy topics. The 14 participants from other Central American countries included the delegates to the annual meeting of the Assembly of Central American Astronomers. The first Central American student in part supported by TAD is now in Mexico.

Morocco: The IAU Travelling Telescope is on its way to Casablanca on long-term loan (transport paid by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics). Two Moroccan students attended ISYA in 1999. The first Moroccan student supported in part by TAD is now studying in Germany.

 
 

8.4 Exchange of Astronomers (Commission 38)

Within the budget approved by the Executive Committee, Commission 38 allocates grants to qualified individuals to enable them to visit institutions abroad. It is intended, in particular, that the visitor should have ample opportunity to interact with the intellectual life of the host institution so that maximum benefit is derived by both sides. Another specific objective is that astronomy in the home country should be enriched after the grantee's return.

Detailed guidelines for these grants and the application procedures to be followed can be found in IB 81 (pp. 37-39) and are available from the Commission 38 Web page (linked from the IAU home page). All correspondence related to the programme should be directed to the President of IAU Commission 38, with a copy to the Vice-President. For the current triennium, their addresses are:

The IAU is pleased to announce the appointment of Dr. Jan Vondrak as the IAU representative to the Directing Board of the International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) in replacement of Dr. Barbara Kolaczek whose term has expired. The IAU thanks Dr. Kolaczek for the work she has accomplished during her four year term.

 

10.1 National Membership

As mentioned earlier, Morocco, Jordan, and The Philippines have applied for Associate Membership in the IAU. These, as well as any further applications that might be received in time, will be submitted to the vote of the XXIVth General Assembly. Meanwhile, on the proposal of the US National Committee for Astronomy, the category of Adherence of the USA has been raised from VIII1/2 to IX. Finally, all countries whose record of payment of dues was becoming a matter of concern as a consequence of Article 15 in the Statutes have settled their accounts in time. Thus, overall, the situation with regard to the national membership is quite gratifying.

 
 

10.2 Applications for Individual Membership

It is recalled that proposals from Adhering Organizations for new Individual Members of the Union are due in Paris by March 7, 2000. Letters describing the procedures were sent in September 1999, and the information is also available on the web. The Secretariat has also received a small number of proposals from Division Presidents for membership of persons who, for various reasons, cannot be proposed by an Adhering Body.

 
 

10.3 Deceased Members

The General Secretary regrets to announce the following names of Members whose death has been reported to, and verified by, the Secretariat since IB 84:

11.1 General

The production of IAU Symposium volumes is now largely in the hands of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific*, with only a couple of 1997 meetings still to appear from Kluwer Academic Publishers**. Complete, up-to-date lists of IAU Symposia and other publications are maintained at the IAU web site under Publications. Together with other ASP products, notably the ASP Conference Series, they can be inspected and ordered at www.aspsky.org. IAU Members are entitled to purchase the IAU publications at specially discounted prices.

Finally, an Erratum: The Proceedings of Joint Discussion 12 at the 23rd General Assembly were edited by P.B. Boyce and A.G. Davis Philip. In the printed Highlights of Astronomy Vol. 11A, however, the name of Dr. Davis Philip was inadvertently missed. The Editor apologises for this omission.

 
 

11.2 IAU Symposia

183 COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE UNIVERSE

191 ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STARS

194 ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AND RELATED PHENOMENA

11.3 IAU Colloquia

169 VARIABLE AND NON-SPHERICAL STELLAR WINDS IN LUMINOUS HOT STARS

171 THE LOW SURFACE BRIGHTNESS UNIVERSE

Some publishers send copies of recent astronomy books to the Secretariat. These books are to be donated upon request, on a first come first serve basis, to astronomical groups in countries lacking the financial resources to purchase them.
ICSU: The International Council for Science:

GUIDELINES FOR SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING

 ASP Conference Series US$ 52.00

Vol 161         HIGH ENERGY PROCESSES IN ACCRETING BLACK HOLES
Vol 162         QUASARS AND COSMOLOGY
Vol 163         STAR FORMATION IN EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES
Vol 164         ULTRAVIOLET-OPTICAL SPACE ASTRONOMY BEYOND HST
Vol 165         THE THIRD STROMLO SYMPOSIUM
Vol 166         STROMLO WORKSHOP ON HIGH-VELOCITY CLOUDS
Vol 167         HARMONIZING COSMIC DISTANCE SCALES IN A POST-HIPPARCOS ERA
Vol 168         NEW PERSPECTIVES ON THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
Vol 169         11TH EUROPEAN WORKSHOP ON WHITE DWARFS
Vol 171         LIBEB, COSMIC RAYS, AND RELATED X-AND GAMMA RAYS
Vol 172         ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS VIII
Vol 173         THEORY AND TESTS OF CONVECTION IN STELLAR STRUCTURE
Vol 174         CATCHING THE PERFECT WAVE: ADAPTIVE OPTICS AND OPTICAL
Vol 176         OBSERVATIONAL COSMOLOGY : THE DEVELOPMENT OF GALAXY SYSTEMS 
Vol 177         ASTROPHYSICS WITH INFRARED SURVEY: A PRELUDE TO SIRTF
Vol 178         STELLAR DYNAMOS: NONLINEARITY AND CHAOTIC FLOWS
Vol 179         ETA CARINAE AT THE MILLENNIUM
Vol 180         SYNTHESIS IMAGING IN RADIO ASTRONOMY II
Vol 181         MICROWAVE FOREGROUNDS
Vol 182         GALAXY DYNAMICS, A RUTGERS SYMPOSIUM

INTERSTELLAR TURBULENCE

INTERNET RESOURCES FOR PROFESSIONAL ASTRONOMY:

ADAPTIVE OPTICS IN ASTRONOMY

INTRODUCTION TO STELLAR WINDS

AN INTRODUCTION TO RELATIVISTIC GRAVITATION

Other Books Received

SYSTEMES DE RÉFÉRENCE SPATIO-TEMPORELS

• ICGC-00: International Conference on Gravitation And Cosmology
 January 4 - 7, 1999, Kharagpur, India
 Contact: Indian Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics and Meteorology,
 Centre for Theoretical Studies, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721 302 India
 Fax: 91 3222 55303 Email: icgc@cts.iitkgp.ernet.in
• Physics of Accretion and Associated Outflows
 January 5-8 2000, Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
 Contact: I. Novikov, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
 Tel: +45 3532 5900
 Fax: +45 3532 5910
 E-mail: novikov@tac.dk

 

 
 
 

• Physics Of Space : Growth Points and Problems
 January 10 - 14, 2000, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, France
 Contact: Nicole Meyer, DESPA, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, F 92195
Meudon Cedex, France
 Fax: 33 1 4507 2806
 E-mail: OBS2000@ulysse.obspm.fr

 

 
 
 

• 195TH AAS MEETING
 January 11 - 15, 2000, Atlanta GA, USA
 Contact: H. McAlister, Georgia State University, Atlanta GA 30303-3083, USA
 Tel: 1 404 651 2932 Fax: 1 404 651 1389
 Email: hal@chara.gsu.edu

 

 
 
 

• Moriond Workshop on Cosmology: Energy Densities in the Universe
 January 22 - 29, 2000, Les Arcs, France
 Contact: Rencontres de Moriond, Université Paris-Sud, Bldg 211, F 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
 Tel: 33 1 6929 0550 Fax: 33 1 6928 8659
 Email: moriond@lal.in2p3.fr

 

 
 
 

• Third MONS Workshop: MONS Science Preparation and Target Selection
 January 24 - 26, 2000, Aarhus University, Denmark
 Contact: Hans Kjeldsen, Institut for Fysik & Astronomi, Aarhus University,
 DK 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
Tel: 45 8942 3609 Fax: 45 8612 0740
Email: hans@obs.aau.dk

 

 
 
 

• Disks, Planetesimals & Planets
 January 24 - 28, 2000, Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain
 Contact: M. Murphy, Inst. de Astrof¡sica de Canarias, E 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
 Tel: 34 922 605 200 Fax: 34 922 605 210
 Email: planet@ll.iac.es

 

 
 
 

• Astronomy, Physics and Chemistry of H3+
 February 9 - 10, 2000, Royal Society, London, UK
 Contact: Takeshi Oka, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago IL 60637, USA
 Tel: 1 773 702 7070 Fax: 1 773 702 0805
Email: t-oka@chicago.edu

 

 
 
 

• From Particles to the Universe
 February 20 - 26 , 2000, Lake Louise, Canada
Contact: Lee Grimard, Lake Louise Winter Institute, Department of Physics,
University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2J1, Canada
 Tel: 1 780 492 8486 Fax: 1 780 492 0714
 Email: grimard@phys.ualberta.ca

 

 
 
 

• XXVIII ITEP School of Physics
 February 22 - March 1, 2000, Moscow, Russia
Contact: Maxim Chernodub, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics,
B. Cheremushkinskaya, 25, Moscow, 117259, Russia.
 Tel: 7 095 129 94 64 Fax: 7 095 883 96 01
Email: ws2000@itep.ru

 

 
 
 

• Sources and Detection of Dark Matter in the Universe (DM20): 4th International Symposium
 February 23 - 25, 2000, Marina del Rey CA,USA
Contact: DM20, Physics and Astronomy Dept., Box 951547, Los Angeles CA
90095-1547, USA
Fax: 1 310 206 1091
 Email: dm20@physics.ucla.edu

 

 
 
 

• Mapping the Hidden Universe
 February 23 - 29, 2000, Guanajuato, Mexico
 Contact: ZOA-HI Meeting, Depto. de Astronomia, Univ. de Guanajuato, Aptdo Postal 144,
Guanajuato, GTO 36000, Mexico
 Tel: 52 4 732 9607 Fax: 52 4 732 0253
 Email: zoahi@astro.ugto.mx

 

 
 
 

• Millenial Advances in Astrophysical Chemistry (dead link, 2/12 -99)
 March 6, 2000, Burlington House, London, UK
Contact: Dr. Helen Jane Fraser, University of Nottingham, University Park,
Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Tel: 44 115 951 3472 Fax: 44 115 951 3562
Email: helen.fraser@nottingham.ac.uk

 

 
 
 

• Microlensing 2000: A New Era of Microlensing Astrophysics
 March 6 - 10, 2000, Cape Town, South Africa
 Contact: J Menzies, SAAO, P.O. Box 9, 7935 Observatory, South Africa
 Tel: 27 21 447 0025 Fax: 27 21 447 3639
 Email: jwm@saao.ac.za

 

 
 
 

• Winter School on Singularities in Gravitational Systems: Application to the Transfer of Small Bodies in the Solar System, Arc 2000
 March 12 - 18, 2000, Nice, France
Contact: Claude Froeschlé, OCA/Observatoire de Nice, B.P. 4229, F 06304
Nice Cedex 4, France
 Tel: 33 492 00 30 24 Fax: 33 492 00 30 33
Email: claude@obs-nice.fr or michel@obs-nice.fr

 

 
 
 

• Galaxy Formation and Evolution
 March 13 - 17, 2000, University of California, Santa Barbara CA, USA
 Contact: Dorene Iverson, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Santa Barbara
CA 93106, USA
Tel: 1 805 893 3178 Fax: 1 805 893 2431
Email: dorene@itp.ucsb.edu

 

 
 
 

• 31st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
 March 13 - 17, 2000, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston TX, USA
Contact: LeBecca Simmons, Lunar and Planetary Institute, 3600 Bay Area
Boulevard, Houston TX 77508, USA
 Tel: 1 281 486 2158 Fax: 1 281 486 2160

 

 
 
 

• Stars, Gas and Dust in Galaxies: Exploring the Links
 March 15 - 18, 2000, La Serena, Chile
 Contact: Ms. Andrea Lagarini, ESO, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Santiago 19, Chile
 Tel: 562 228 5006 ext. 3113 Fax: 562 228 5132
Email: alagarin@eso.org

 

 
 
 

• Chapman Conference on Space Weather: Progress and Challenges in Research and Applications
 March 20 - 24, 2000, Clearwater FL, USA
 Contact: AGU Meetings Dept, Space Weather Conference, attn. R. Feathers,
 2000 Florida Ave NW, Washington DC 20009, USA
 Tel: 1 202 462 6900 Fax: 1 202 328 0566
Email: meetingsinfo@agu.org

 

 
 
 

• Dynamics of Star Cluster and the Milky Way
 March 20 - 24, 2000, Heidelberg, Germany
Contact: R. Spurzem, Astronomisches Rechen-Institute, Münchhofstrasse 12-14,
 D 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Fax: 49 6221 405 297
Email: star2000@ari.uni-heidelberg.de

 

 
 
 

• ROSSi 2000 : Astrophysics with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer.
 A Survey at the Close of the Millenium,
March 22 - 24, 2000, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt MD, USA
Contact: Tod Strohmayer, NASA GSFC, Code 662, Greenbelt MD 20771, USA
Tel: 1 301 286 1256 Fax: 1 301 286 0708
Email: stroh@clarence.gsfc.nasa.gov

 

 
 
 

• Washington Area Astronomers Meeting
 March 23, 2000, University of Maryland, College Park MD, USA
Contact: George H. Kaplan, U.S. Naval Observatory, 3450 Massachusetts Ave. NW
 Washington DC 20392-5420, USA
Tel: 1 202 762 1562 Fax: 1 202 762 1612
 Email: gkaplan@usno.navy.mil

 

 
 
 

• ISTP Spring Workshop at NASA/GSFC
 March 27 - 30, 2000 NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt MD, USA
 Contact: Nicola J. Fox, ISTP Science & Operations Coordinator, NASA/Goddard
Space Flight Center, Code 696, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
Tel: 1 301 286 8872 Fax: 1 301 286 1648
Email: nicola.fox@gsfc.nasa.gov

 

 
 
 

• Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation
 March 27 - 31, International Congress Centre, Munich, Germany
Contact: P.O. Box 10, Bellingham WA 98227-0010, USA
 Tel: 1 360 676 3290 Fax: 1 360 647 1445
Email: spie@spie.org

 

 
 
 

• Bringing Space into Education
 April 3 - 5, 2000, Strasbourg, France
Contact: Claude Gourdet, Executive Director, IAF, 3-5 rue Mario Nikis, F 75015 Paris, France
Tel: 33 1 45 67 42 60 Fax: 33 1 4273 21 20
Email: iaf@wanadoo.fr

 

 
 
 

• SAAS-FEE Advanced Course: High-Energy Spectroscopic Astrophysics
 April 3 - 8 , 2000, Les Diablerets, Switzerland
 Contact: 30th Saas-Fee Advanced Course, INTEGRAL Science Data, Centre
Ch d'Ecogia 16, CH 1290 Versoix, Switzerland
Email: sf2000@obs.unige.ch

 

 
 
 

• ESA-CERN Workshop on Fundamental Physics in Space and Related Topics
 April 5 - 7 , 2000, Geneva, Switzerland
Contact: M. Jacob, TH Division, CERN, CH 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland

 

 
 
 

• Chronology of Mars in Comparison with Inner Solar Bodies
 April 10 - 14, 2000, Bern, Switzerland
 Contact: J. Geiss, ISSI, Hallerstr. 6, CH 3012 Bern, Switzerland
 Fax: 41 31 631 4897 Email: geiss@issi.unibe.ch

 

 
 
 

• The NOT in the 2000's
 April 12 - 15, 2000, Santa Cruz de La Palma, Spain
 Contact: Nils Bergvall, Astronomiska Observatoriet, Box 515, S 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
 Tel: 46 18 525 724 Fax: 46 18 527 583
 Email: nils.bergvall@astro.uu.se

 

 
 
 

• Spacetime 2000: A Forward-looking Forum for Professional-Amateur Interaction in a Small Country Setting
 April 14 - 17, 2000, Wellington, New Zealand
 Contact: E. Budding, CIT, PO Box 40740, Upper Hut, Wellington, New Zealand
 Tel: 64 4 527 6398 Fax: 64 4 527 6374
Email: Edwin.Budding@cit.ac.nz

 

 
 
 

• Geoscience 2000
 April 17 - 20, 2000, University of Manchester, UK
 Contact: Maxine Winter, the Geological Society, Burlington House, Piccadilly,
 London W1V 0JU, UK
Tel: 44 171 434 9944 Fax: 44 171 494 0579
Email: geo2000@geolsoc.org.uk

 

 
 
 

• Oort Centenary : "Looking Ahead with Wonder"
April 25 - 27, 2000, Leiden, The Netherlands
Contact: Janet Soulsby, Leiden Observatory, Postbus 9513, NL 2300 RA Leiden,
 The Netherlands
Tel: 31 71 5275833 Fax: 31 71 5275819
Email: oortsymp@strw.leidenuniv.nl

 

 
 
 

• Millennium Conference on Earth, Planetary & Solar System Science
 25th European Geophysical Society General Assembly
 April 25 - 29, 2000, Nice, France
 Contact: EGS office, Max-Planck-Str. 13, D 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
 Tel: 49 5556 1440 Fax: 49 5556 4709
 Email: egs@copernicus.org

 

 
 
 

• 4th IAA International Conference on Low-Cost Planetary Missions
 May 2 - 5, 2000, Laurel MD, USA
 Contact: R.W. Farquhar, JHU/APL, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel MD 20723-6099, USA
Fax: 33 147 238 216
Email: diana.whitman@jhuapl.edu

 

 
 
 

• Astrophysical Turbulence
 May 8 - 12, 2000, University of California, Santa Barbara CA, USA
 Contact: Dorene Iverson, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Univ. of California,
Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
 Tel: 1 805 893 3178 Fax: 1 805 893 2431
Email: dorene@itp.ucsb.edu

 

 
 
 

• The Astrophysics of Galactic Cosmic Rays
 May 15 - 19, 2000, Bern, Switzerland
 Contact: R. Kallenbach, ISSI, Hallerstr. 6, CH 3012 Bern, Switzerland
 Fax: 41 31 631 4897
 Email: reinald.kallenbach@issi.unibe.ch

 

 
 
 

• Gas and Galaxy Evolution
 May 21 - 24, 2000, Socorro NM, USA
 Contact: Michael Rupen/ John Hibbard, NRAO, 1003 Lopezville Road, Socorro
NM 87801, USA
 Tel: 1 505 835 7000 Fax: 1 505 835 7027
 Email: mrupen@nrao.edu

 

 
 
 

• 7th Conference between Particle and Nuclear Physics
 May 22 - 26, 2000, Quebec City, Canada
Contact: Anne B. MacInnis, MIT-Bates, P.O. Box 846, Middleton MA 01949, USA
Tel: 1 617 253 9285 Fax: 1 617 253 9599
 Email: macinnis@mit.edu

 

 
 
 

• EuroConference on: The Evolution of Galaxies. I - Observational Clues
 May 23 - 27, 2000, Granada, Spain
 Contact: Jos‚ M. Vilchez, Inst. de Astrof¡sica de Andaluc¡a, E 18080 Granada, Spain
 Tel: 34 958 12 13 11 Fax: 34 958 81 45 30
Email: euroconf@iaa.es

 

 
 
 

• Canadian Astronomical Society (CASCA)
 May 25 - 28, 2000, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada
Contact: Mark Halpern, UBC, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
 Tel: 1 604 822 6709
 Email: halpern@physics.ubc.ca

 

 
 
 

• Galactic Structure, Stars and the ISM, 4th. Tetons Conference
 May 28 - June 1, 2000, Jackson Lake Lodge, Grand Teton National Park WY, USA
 Contact: Dr. Chick Woodward, Chair, SOC, University of Wyoming, Physics & Astronomy, Laramie WY 82071, USA
 Tel: 1 307 766 2706 Fax: 1 307 766 2652
 Email: tetons4@wapiti.uwyo.edu

 

 
 
 

• Workshop on Waves in Dusty, Solar and Space
 May 29 - June 2, 2000 Leuven, Belgium
Contact: F. Verheest, Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Univ. Gent, Krijgslaan 281,
B 9000 Gent, Belgium
Tel: 32 9 264 4799 Fax: 32 9 264 4989
Email: Frank.Verheest@rug.ac.be

 

 
 
 

• Structure of the Nucleus at the Dawn of the Century
 May 29 - 3 June, 2000, Bologna, Italy
Contact: Alberto Ventura, ENEA, Via Martiri di Monte Sole 4, I 40129 Bologna, Italy
Tel: 39 051 6098305 Fax: 39 051 6098705
 Email: nucth2000@bo.infn.it

 

 
 
 

• Joint European and National Astronomical Meeting for 2000 (JENAM 2000)
 9th European and 5th Euro Asian Astronomical Society Conference (Mirror site)
 May 29 - June 3, 2000, Moscow, Russia
Contact: Dr. A.M. Cherepashchuk, JENAM-2000 Sternberg Astronomical Institute,
13, Universitetskij prosp., 119899 Moscow, Russia
Tel: 7 095 932 8844 Fax: 7 095 932 8844
Email: jenam@sai.msu.su

 

 
 
 

• 196th AAS Meeting
 June 4 - 8, 2000, Rochester NY, USA
 Contact: J. Pipher, Univ. of Rochester, Dept of Physics, Rochester NY 14627, USA
 Tel: 1 716 275 4402 Fax: 1 716 275 8527
 Email: jlpipher@sherman.pas.rochester.edu

 

 
 
 

• Galaxy Disks and Disk Galaxies
 June 12 - 16, 2000 Rome, Italy
 Contact: George Coyne, Vatican Observatory, V 00120 Citt  del Vaticano, Rome, Italy
Tel: 39 06 6988 5266 Fax: 39 06 6988 4671
 Email: geoyne@specola.va

 

 
 
 

• XIX International Conference on Neutrino Physics & Astrophysics
 June 16 - 21, 2000, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
Contact: Pierre Lamoureux, National Research Council, 1200 Montreal Road, Building
 M-19, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada
Tel: 1 213 993 9431 Fax: 1 613 993 7250
Email: nu2000@nrc.ca

 

 
 
 

• Challenges for Science and Engineering in the 21st Century
 June 14 - 18, 2000, Stockholm, Sweden
 Contact: Lars Rydén, INES, Gutenbergstr. 31, D 44139 Dortmund, Germany
Tel: 49 231 575218 Fax: 49 231 575210
 Email: INES2000@t-online.de

 

 
 
 

• NATO ASI on Space Storms and Space Weather Hazards
 June 19 - 29, 2000, Crete, Greece
Contact: Anastasios Anastadiadis, National Observatory of Athens, Metaxa and
V. Pavlou str. Penteli GR 15236, Greece
 Tel: 30 1 6138340 /42 Fax: 30 1 6138343
Email: anastasi@creator.space.noa.gr

 

 
 
 

• 1st G. H. Advanced Lectures on the Starburst-AGN Connection
 June 26 - 30, 2000, Tonantzintla, Puebla, Mexico
Contact: Secretaria del Programa Guillermo Haro, INAOE, Apdo. Postal 51 y 216, Puebla
 Pue. 72000, Mexico
 Tel: 52 2 2472011 Fax: 52 2 2472231
 Email: agn00@inaoep.mx

 

 
 
 

• NUCLEI IN THE COSMOS 2000 CONFERENCE
 June 27 - July 1, 2000, Aarhus, Denmark
Contact: J. Christensen-Dalsgaard, K. Langanke, University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade
 Bld. 520, DK 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
Tel: 45 89 42 3614 or 45 89 3671 Fax: 45 86 12 0740
Email: jcd@obs.aau.dk, langanke@ifa.au.dk

 

 
 
 

• Fourth Biennial History of Astronomy Workshop
 July 1 - 4, 1999, Notre Dame IN, USA
 Contact: Michael J. Crowe, Program of Liberal Studies, Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame, IN 46556, USA
 Tel: 1 219 631 6212
 Email: Michael.J.Crowe.1@nd.edu

 

 
 
 

• The Physics of Galaxy Formation
 July 3 - 7, 2000, Tsukuba, Japan
 Contact: Masayuki Umemura, Center for Computational Physics, Univ.of Tsukuba,
 Ten-nodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
 Tel: 81 298 53 6494 Fax: 81 298 53 6489
 Email: gf2000@rccp.tsukuba.ac.jp

 

 
 
 

• US-European Celestial Mechanics Workshop
 July 3 - 7, 2000, Poznan, Poland
 Contact: Prof. Edwin Wnuk, Astronomical Observatory, Adam Mickiewicz Univ.,
 Sloneczna 36, PL 60286 Poznan, Poland
 Fax: 48 618686511
Email: wnuk@juno.astro.amu.edu.pl or wnuk@amu.edu.pl

 

 
 
 

• Constructing the Universe with Clusters of Galaxies
 July 4-8, 2000, Paris, France
 Contact: Daniel Gerbal, Florence Durret or Brigitte Raban,
 Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Bd Arago,
 F 75014 Paris, France
 Tel: 33 1 44 32 80 00 Fax: 33 1 44 32 80 01
 Email: raban@iap.fr

 

 
 
 

• Catastrophic Events and Mass Extinctions: Impacts and Beyond
 July 9 - 12, 2000, Vienna, Austria
 Contact: Christian Koeberl, Inst of Geochemistry, Univ. of Vienna, Althansstrasse 14,
A 1090 Wien, Austria
 Tel: 43 1 31336 1714 Fax: 43 1 31336 781
 Email: christian.koeberl@univie.ac.at

 

 
 
 

• Interacting Winds from Massive Stars
 July 10 - 14, 2000, Isles de la Madeleine, Quebec, Canada
Contact: Anthony Moffat, Univ. de Montr‚al, Dept. de Physique, C.P. 6128, Succ.
 Centre-Ville, Montr‚al, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
 Tel: 1 514 343 6682 Fax: 1 514 343 2071
Email: Moffat@astro.umontreal.ca

 

 
 
 

• Cosmos in the Classroom 2: The Triumphs and Tribulations of Teaching Astronomy to Non-Science Majors
 July 17 - 19, 2000, Pasadena CA, USA
 Contact: Andrew Fraknoi, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 390 Ashton Ave.,
 San Francisco CA 94127, USA
Tel: 1 415 337 1100 Fax: 1 415 337 5205
 Email: fraknoi@admin.fhda.edu

 

 
 
 

• The Restless Universe (Applications of Gravitational N-body Dynamics to Planetary, Stellar and Galactic Systems), NATO ASI
 July 23 - August 5, 2000, Blair Atholl, UK
 Contact: Bonnie Stevens, Dept of Mathematics, Glasgow Caledonian University,
Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, Scotland, UK
 Tel: 44 141 331 3619 Fax: 44 141 331 3608
 Email: bst@gcal.ac.uk

 

 
 
 

• COSPAR Colloquium: The Outer Heliosphere: The Next Frontiers
 July 24 - 28, 2000, Potsdam, Germany
Contact: Dr. Klaus Scherer, Max-Planck-Institut fuer Aeronomie, D 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
 Tel: 49 5556 979 465 Fax: 49 5556 979 240
 Email: scherer@linmpi.mpg.de

 

 
 
 

• P Cygni 2000: 400 Years of Progress
 August 21 - 23, 2000, Armagh, Northern Ireland, UK
 Contact: M. de Groot, Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh, BT61 9DG, Northern
Ireland, UK
 Tel: 44 28 37 522928 Fax: 44 28 37 527174
 Email: mdg@star.arm.ac.uk

 

 
 
 

• New Era of Wide-Field Astronomy
 August 21 - 24, 2000, Preston, UK
Contact: Centre for Astrophysics, Attn: Dr. R.G. Crowes, University of Central Lancashire,
Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
 Tel: 44 1772 893540 Fax: 44 1772 892996
Email: r.g.clowers@uclan.ac.uk

 

 
 
 

• Eta Carinae and Other Mysterious Stars - Hidden Opportunities for Emission Spectroscopy
 August 24 - 26, 2000, Hven, Sweden
 Contact: Sveneric Johansson, Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118,
 S 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Tel: 46 46 126097 Fax: 46 45 2224709
Email: Hven2000@fysik.lu.se

 

 
 
 

• PRAHA2000 - 16th International Conference on High Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy
 September 3, 2000, Prague, Czech Republic
 Contact: Dr. Stepan Urban, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, J. Heyrovsky
 Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dolejskova 3, CZ 18223, Praha 8, Czech Republic Tel: 420 2 6605 3635 Fax: 420 2 858 2307
 Email: praha2k@jh-inst.cas.cz

 

 
 
 

• 4th Integral Workshop
 September 4 - 8, 2000, Alicante, Spain
 Contact: V. Reglero, Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Dr. Moliner 50,
 E 46100 Burjassot, Spain
 Tel: 34 96 398 3229 Fax: 34 96 398 3261
 Email: loc@castor.daa.uv.es

 

 
 
 

• X-ray Astronomy 2000
 September 4 - 8, 2000, Palermo, Italy
 Contact: D. Randazzo, Oss. Astronomico di Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento 1,
 I 90134 Palermo, Italy
 Tel: 39 091 233 243 Fax: 39 091 233 444
Email: xray2000@astropa.unipa.it

 

 
 
 

• IV Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society (SEA) also http://sea.am.ub.es/
 September 11-14, 2000, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
 Contact: Dr. J.A. Docobo, Observatorio Astronomico "Ramon Maria Aller",
 Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, P.O. Box 197, Santiago de Compostela (Spain)
 Tel: (+34) 981 59 27 47
 Fax: (+34) 981 59 70 54
 Email: oadoco@usc.es

 

 
 
 

• 20th. NSO/Sacramento Peak Summer Workshop on Advanced Solar Polarimetry - Theory, Observation and Instrumentation
 September 11 - 15, 2000, Sunspot NM, USA
Contact: Dr. Michael Sigwarth, National Solar Observatory, P.O. Box 62, Sunspot
 NM 88349-0062, USA
Tel: 1 505 434 7018 Fax: 1 505 434 7029
 Email: sigwarth@sunspot.noao.edu

 

 
 
 

• The Sixth International Wein 2000 Symposium
 September 24 - 28, 2000, Heidelberg, Germany
 Contact: Dr. H.V. Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, MPI f. Kernphysik, P.O. Box 103980,
D 69029 Heidelberg, Germany
Tel: 49 6221 051 6262 Fax: 49 6221 051 6540
 Email: klapdor@mickey.mpi-hd.mpg.de

 

 
 
 

• S-RAMP Conference
 October 2 - 6, 2000, Sapporo, Japan
 Contact: Y. Kamide, Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University
 Honohara 3-13 Toyokawa, Aichi 442-8507, Japan
Tel: 81 533 86 3154 Fax: 81 0533 86 0811
Email: s-ramp@kurasc.kyoto-u.ac.jp

 

 
 
 

• Spin and Magnetism in Young Neutron Stars
 October 2 - 6, 2000, Santa Barabara CA, USA
 Contact: Dorene Iverson, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Univ of California,
Santa Barbara CA 93106, USA
 Tel: 1 805 893 3178 Fax: 1 805 893 2431
 Email: dorene@itp.ucsb.edu

 

 
 
 

• Deep Fields
 October 9 - 11, 2000, ESO Headquarters, Garching, Germany
Contact: Stefano Cristiani, Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility, Karl
Schwarzschild Str. 2, D 85748 München, Germany
 Tel: 49 89 32006291 Fax: 49 89 32006480
• Meeting of the High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD) of the American Astronomical Society
 November 6 - 10, 2000, Honolulu HI, USA
 Contact: Dr. John Vallerga, Eureka Scientific Inc., 2452 Delmer St., Suite 100,
 Oakland CA 94601-3017, USA
 Tel: 1 510 530 1688 Fax: 1 510 530 2416
Email: head2k@netcom.com

 

 
 
 

• Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems X (ADASS X)
 November 12 - 15, 2000, Boston MA, USA
 Contact: P. Buckley, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden St., MS-2,
Cambridge MA 02138, USA
 Tel: 1 617 495 7290 Fax: 1 617 495 7356
 Email: pbuckley@head-cfa.harvard.edu

 

 
 
 

• The Evolution of Galaxies. II - Basic Building Blocks
 October, 2001, St. Denis de la Réunion, France
 Contact: Laurent Vigroux, CEA, Service d'Astrophysique, F 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Tel: 33 1 69 08 39 12 Fax: 33 1 69 08 65 77
 Email: lvigroux@cea.fr

 

 
 
 

• The Evolution of Galaxies. III - From Simple Approaches to Self-Consistent Models
 May 2002, Kiel, Germany
Contact: Gerhard Hensler, Universität Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, D 24098 Kiel, Germany
Tel: 49 431 880 4125 Fax: 49 431 880 4100
 Email: hensler@astrophysik.uni-kiel.de

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